Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which new mitochondria are produced within cells. This process is essential for maintaining the function and health of the mitochondria, which are organelles responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondrial biogenesis involves the replication and expression of mitochondrial DNA, as well as the synthesis of proteins and lipids needed for the formation of new mitochondria. Dysregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis has been implicated in various diseases, including metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Researchers are studying the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial biogenesis in order to better understand these diseases and develop potential therapies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.